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{"id":5553,"date":"2021-08-14T12:20:33","date_gmt":"2021-08-14T06:35:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eponlinestudy.com\/?p=5553"},"modified":"2021-08-14T12:20:33","modified_gmt":"2021-08-14T06:35:33","slug":"classification-of-cost-accounting-classification-by-nature-by-function-by-behavior-by-controllability-bbs-second-year-accounting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eponlinestudy.com\/classification-of-cost-accounting-classification-by-nature-by-function-by-behavior-by-controllability-bbs-second-year-accounting\/","title":{"rendered":"Classification of Cost Accounting | By Nature | By Functions | By Behavior | By \u00a0Controllability"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Classification of Cost Accounting <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Classification of cost accounting<\/span><\/p>\n

Classification by nature or elements <\/span><\/p>\n

Classification by function<\/span><\/p>\n

Classification by behavior or variability <\/span><\/p>\n

Classification by controllability<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Classification by Nature or Elements <\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

Classification by nature is also called elements of cost. <\/span><\/p>\n

There are three types of elements; they are materials, labour and overheads.<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(A) MATERIALS<\/span><\/b> <\/b><\/h3>\n

Materials are the most important parts of a manufacturing company. <\/span><\/p>\n

There are two types of materials. <\/span><\/p>\n

They are direct materials and indirect materials.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Direct materials<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

It is the main part of finished goods; they are:<\/span><\/p>\n

Steel, woods and plastic in furniture<\/span><\/p>\n

Cotton in cloth<\/span><\/p>\n

Leather, clothes and rubber in shoes<\/span><\/p>\n

Paper in copy and book<\/span><\/p>\n

Sugarcane for sugar etc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Indirect materials<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/p>\n

It is a small part of the quantity of finished goods. <\/span><\/p>\n

It helps to finish or complete goods; they are: <\/span><\/p>\n

Sewing thread and buttons in clothe<\/span><\/p>\n

Enamel, paints, polish and iron peg in furniture<\/span><\/p>\n

Adhesive, glue and thread in bookbinding etc<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

(B) LABOUR<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/h3>\n

To convert raw materials into finished goods, manpower is essential. <\/span><\/p>\n

Such manpower needs expenses. <\/span><\/p>\n

These expenses are wages, salary, bonus and provident funds etc. <\/span><\/p>\n

There are two types of labour; they are direct labour and indirect labour.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Direct labour<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

It is the direct cost, labour, wages incurred to produce goods or service providing. <\/span><\/p>\n

This cost is related to a particular job, process or product; such as:<\/span><\/p>\n

Wage to tailor for stitching <\/span><\/p>\n

Wage to carpenter<\/span><\/p>\n

Wage to mason<\/span><\/p>\n

Wage to washerman for cleaning the clothes etc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Indirect labour<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

It is the non-productive wage, cost, labour. <\/span><\/p>\n

It helps to encourage labour to do work hard with honest and sincere; these are:<\/span><\/p>\n

Allowances<\/span><\/p>\n

Provident fund<\/span><\/p>\n

Bonus (extra benefit)<\/span><\/p>\n

Pension (money for retirement)<\/span><\/p>\n

Gratuity (money for retirement or appreciation)<\/span><\/p>\n

Medical facility etc.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

###########<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Click on the link for <\/span>YouTube<\/span><\/b> videos<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Accounting Equation<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/c89jkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Journal Entries in Nepali<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/uaakkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Journal Entries<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/8aakkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Journal Entry and Ledger<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/caakkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ledger<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/haakkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Subsidiary Book<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/399jkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Cashbook<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/889jkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Trial Balance and Adjusted Trial Balance<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/c59jkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Bank Reconciliation Statement (BRS)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/q59jkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Depreciation<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/ugakkz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Click on the link for <\/span>YouTube<\/span> videos chapter wise\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Financial Accounting and Analysis (All videos)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/jlersz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Accounting Process<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/mlersz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Accounting for Long Lived Assets<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/plersz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Analysis of Financial Statement<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/slersz<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

###########<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(C) OVERHEAD <\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/h3>\n

It is also called direct cost, expenses and overhead. <\/span><\/p>\n

All the expenses that are not related to direct materials and direct labour are overhead. <\/span><\/p>\n

There are two types of overhead; they are the direct overhead and indirect overhead.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Direct overhead<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

It is related to the direct production of goods or service rendered; they are:<\/span><\/p>\n

Import duty<\/span><\/p>\n

Royalty<\/span><\/p>\n

Research and development (R&D)<\/span><\/p>\n

Architect fee etc. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Indirect overhead<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

It is not related to production. <\/span><\/p>\n

These expenses help to do work easily; they are: <\/span><\/p>\n

Rent <\/span><\/p>\n

Telephone, fax, internet, mobile expenses <\/span><\/p>\n

Taxes <\/span><\/p>\n

Insurance etc. <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

###########<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Click on the link for <\/span>YouTube<\/span><\/b> videos<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Cost Reconciliation Statement <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/prvhuz<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Unit Costing (Output Costing)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

http:\/\/tiny.cc\/srvhuz<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

###########<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Classification by Function<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

According to this classification, costs are classified into three functions. <\/span><\/p>\n

They are factory cost, administrative cost and selling and distribution cost.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/h3>\n

Factory, production, manufacturing or work cost <\/span><\/b><\/b><\/h3>\n

It is the total of prime cost and factory expenses.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

It includes indirect materials, indirect labour, indirect expenses which are incurred inside the workplace where production is carried-on; like: <\/span><\/p>\n

Factory rent, rates and taxes<\/span><\/p>\n

Factory telephone and internet expenses <\/span><\/p>\n

Factory stationery expenses <\/span><\/p>\n

Lighting, heating, power, fuel, water and coke<\/span><\/p>\n

Factory wages, salary, pension, provident fund<\/span><\/p>\n

Canteen, cafeteria expenses, medical expenses and entertainment to labour <\/span><\/p>\n

Repairs and maintenance, depreciation related to the factory building, furniture and machinery<\/span><\/p>\n

Other production expenses etc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Administrative or office expenses<\/span><\/b><\/h3>\n

It is the total of factory expenses and office expenses. <\/span><\/p>\n

Such as administrative, planning, coordinating, staffing and controlling. <\/span><\/p>\n

Office overhead includes:<\/span><\/p>\n

Office rent, rates and taxes<\/span><\/p>\n

Office lighting, heating and power<\/span><\/p>\n

Office wages, salary, pension, provident fund<\/span><\/p>\n

Canteen, cafeteria expenses, medical expenses, entertainment office staffs<\/span><\/p>\n

Repairs and maintenance, depreciation related to the office building, furniture and equipment<\/span><\/p>\n

Office stationery, printing, postage expenses <\/span><\/p>\n

Office telephone, fax, internet expenses <\/span><\/p>\n

Legal expenses, bank charge, audit fees etc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Selling and distribution expenses<\/span><\/b><\/h3>\n

These expenses are necessary for sales promotion; it includes:<\/span><\/p>\n

Advertisement, free sample and charity of goods<\/span><\/p>\n

Salary, travelling expenses and commission to sales staff and agents<\/span><\/p>\n

Expenses of the sales department and show-room<\/span><\/p>\n

Rent, insurance, repairs and maintenance of warehouse or godown<\/span><\/p>\n

Stationery related to S&D<\/span><\/p>\n

Telephone, fax, internet expenses related to S&D <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>Bad debt on credit sales etc<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Classification by <\/span><\/b>Behavior or Variability <\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

It is also called classification on the basis of variability. <\/span><\/p>\n

The relationship between cost and activities is called behaviour. <\/span><\/p>\n

According to this classification, costs are divided into three groups. <\/span><\/p>\n

They are fixed cost, variable cost and semi-variable cost.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Fixed cost <\/span><\/b><\/h3>\n

It is also called capacity cost, periodic cost and burden cost. <\/span><\/p>\n

These expenses are not changed according to output. <\/span><\/p>\n

This level is prefixed. <\/span><\/p>\n

Fixed cost never be a zero. <\/span><\/p>\n

Generally, it is an uncontrollable and unavoidable cost.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Some fixed costs are:<\/span><\/p>\n

Rent <\/span><\/p>\n

Depreciation <\/span><\/p>\n

Salary for permanent staff<\/span><\/p>\n

Taxes<\/span><\/p>\n

Insurance etc <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Note: There is inverse or opposite rule for total fixed cost and fixed cost per unit. <\/span><\/p>\n

Example: suppose fixed cost for one month is <\/span>$<\/span>\/\u20b9\/Rs 5,00,000 upto 50,000 units <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Output in units\u00a0 (a)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Total fixed cost\u00a0 (b)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Fixed cost per unit\u00a0 ( c = b \u00f7 a)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,00,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,00,000 \u00f7 0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 = \u221e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

5,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,00,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,00,000 \u00f7 5,000\u00a0\u00a0 = 100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

20,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,00,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,00,000 \u00f7 20,000 = 25<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

50,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,00,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,00,000 \u00f7 50,000 = 10<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Variable cost<\/span><\/b><\/b><\/h3>\n

It is also called changeable cost, direct cost and running cost. <\/span><\/p>\n

It is affected according to output or production. <\/span><\/p>\n

There is a close relationship between total variable cost and volume of output. <\/span><\/p>\n

When the output is zero, the total variable cost is also zero but the variable cost per unit never is zero. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Example: suppose variable cost per unit is <\/span>$<\/span>\/\u20b9\/Rs 6<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Output in units\u00a0 (a)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Variable cost per unit (b)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Total variable cost\u00a0 (a x b)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0 x 6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 =\u00a0 0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

5,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,000 x 6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 =\u00a0 30,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

20,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

20,000 x 6 \u00a0\u00a0 =\u00a0 120,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

50,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50,000 x 6 \u00a0\u00a0 =\u00a0 300,000<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Semi-variable cost (mixed cost or semi-fixed cost)<\/span><\/b> <\/b><\/h3>\n

It is the mixed of fixed cost and variable cost. <\/span><\/p>\n

Neither total amount nor per unit cost of semi-variable cost remains constant. <\/span><\/p>\n

If the level of production increase, total semi-variable cost decrease but never be zero and vice versa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Example: <\/span><\/p>\n

The electricity bill for household purpose is minimum <\/span>$<\/span>\/\u20b9\/Rs 80 upto 20 units. Afterwards Rs 7.30 per unit upto 199 units then Rs 10 per unit from 200 units.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Units <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Basis <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Cost per unit <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Total cost (semi variable cost )<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Fixed<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Fixed<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Rs 80<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

20<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Fixed<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Fixed<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Rs 80<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

30<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Semi variable<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Fixed + Rs 7.30<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Rs 80 + 10 units x Rs 7.3\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 = 80 + 73\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 = Rs\u00a0 153<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

199<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Semi variable<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Fixed + Rs 7.30<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Rs 80 + 179 units x Rs 7.3 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 = 80 + 1,306.7\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 = Rs\u00a0 1,386.7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

200<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Semi variable<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Fixed + Rs 10<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Rs 80 + 180 units x Rs 10\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 = 80 + 1800\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 = Rs 1,880<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Total cost = Fixed cost + (VCPU x Output) <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Classification by Controllability<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

Under this classification, costs are classified into two groups; controllable cost and uncontrollable cost.<\/span><\/p>\n

If management can control cost, it is called controllable cost. <\/span><\/p>\n

If management cannot control, it is called uncontrollable cost.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Controllable cost<\/span><\/b> <\/b><\/b><\/h3>\n

This type of costs can be controlled by management. <\/span><\/p>\n

It can be changed or altered by action but time should be long. <\/span><\/p>\n

If there is a short time, it is difficult to control. <\/span><\/p>\n

Generally, these are variable cost in nature. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Click on the photo for FREE <\/span><\/b>e<\/span><\/b>Books<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Example of some controllable cost:<\/span><\/p>\n

Direct materials <\/span><\/p>\n

Direct labour <\/span><\/p>\n

Direct overhead <\/span><\/p>\n

Indirect materials <\/span><\/p>\n

Indirect labour <\/span><\/p>\n

Indirect overhead <\/span><\/p>\n

Power cost <\/span><\/p>\n

Repairs and maintenance etc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Uncontrollable cost<\/span><\/b> \u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

There are some kinds of costs that cannot be controlled by management. <\/span><\/p>\n

It cannot be changed or altered. <\/span><\/p>\n

Generally, these are fixed cost in nature. <\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Some uncontrollable costs are:<\/span><\/p>\n

Rent <\/span><\/p>\n

Salary to permanent staff<\/span><\/p>\n

Annual insurance<\/span><\/p>\n

Management salary etc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Keep in Mind <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Costs are controllable if the manager has strong power to control the amount but the expenses must be variable.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

The performance of the manager is evaluated on the basis of controllable cost.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Jay G<\/span>o<\/span>o<\/span>g<\/span>l<\/span>e<\/span>, Jay YouTube<\/span>, Jay Social Media<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u091c\u092f<\/span> \u0917\u0942<\/span>\u0917<\/span>\u0932<\/span>.<\/span> \u091c\u092f<\/span> \u092f\u0941\u091f\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092c<\/span>,<\/span> \u091c\u092f<\/span> \u0938\u094b\u0936\u0932<\/span> \u092e\u0940\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Classification of Cost Accounting Classification of cost accounting Classification by nature or elements Classification by function Classification by behavior or variability Classification by controllability \u00a0 Classification by Nature or Elements Classification by nature is also called elements of cost. There are three types of elements; they are materials, labour and overheads. \u00a0 (A) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19997,"featured_media":5558,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2647,2306,11],"tags":[2653,2593,2655,2023,2024,2022,2021,2654,591,590],"writers":[144],"yoast_head":"\nClassification of Cost Accounting | By Nature | By Functions | By Behavior | By \u00a0Controllability<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Classification of cost accounting includes by nature or elements, by functions, by behavior or variability, by controllability\u00a0\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/eponlinestudy.com\/classification-of-cost-accounting-classification-by-nature-by-function-by-behavior-by-controllability-bbs-second-year-accounting\/\" 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